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Can matter be understood as an organized electromagnetic structure rather than as a collection of elementary particles?
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This section develops a unified toroidal model of matter, beginning with the structure of a single electromagnetic wave and gradually extending to stable particles, electric charge, gravity, and optical coherence. Each paper investigates one aspect of the model and proposes experimentally testable predictions.
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Overview of the Theory:
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- Part I – An Electromagnetic Toroidal Structure
- Part II – Electromagnetic Supertorus as a Model of the Electron
- Part III – Origin of Mass and Gravity
- Part IV – Toroidal Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves
- Part V – Measuring the Geometry of Coherent Electromagnetic Structures
- Part VI – A Field Interpretation of the Photoelectric Effect
- Part VII – Different Responses of Electromagnetic Waves to Prisms and Diffraction Gratings
- Part VIII – Method for Testing the Speed of Light
- Part IX – A Velocity-Dependent Propagation Model for Electromagnetic Radiation
- Part X – Solar Photosphere Temperature
- Part XI – A Model of Lightning Initiation and Propagation
